Glossary · Graduate & Business School Admissions

GMAT Glossary of Key Terms

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A free GMAT glossary: key terms - Focus Edition, Data Insights, Data Sufficiency, percentile, concordance and more - defined in plain English for GMAT test-takers.

By The Exam Atlas Editorial Team · Verified 2026-06-08

Plain-English definitions of the terms you will meet around the GMAT. Simplified for learning; GMAC’s materials on mba.com are authoritative.

TermDefinition
GMATGraduate Management Admission Test - the admissions test built for business school.
GMACGraduate Management Admission Council - the non-profit body that owns and administers the GMAT.
Focus EditionThe current and only version of the GMAT (since 1 February 2024): three sections, no essay, 205-805 score.
Quantitative ReasoningThe section testing mathematical Problem Solving, with no calculator.
Verbal ReasoningThe section testing Reading Comprehension and Critical Reasoning.
Data InsightsThe section testing reasoning over data, with a calculator allowed.
Problem SolvingQuant question type: solve a maths problem and choose the answer.
Reading ComprehensionVerbal question type: answer questions about a passage’s meaning and structure.
Critical ReasoningVerbal question type: analyse an argument’s logic (assumptions, strengthen, weaken).
Data SufficiencyA question type (now in Data Insights) asking whether the statements are enough to answer.
Multi-Source ReasoningData Insights type: combine information across several tabs.
Table AnalysisData Insights type: sort and interpret a table to judge statements.
Graphics InterpretationData Insights type: read a chart and complete statements.
Two-Part AnalysisData Insights type: solve a two-component problem, often in a grid.
Total ScoreYour overall GMAT score, from 205 to 805 (always ending in 5).
Section scoreA score from 60 to 90 for each of the three sections.
PercentileHow your score compares with other test-takers; updated periodically.
ConcordanceGMAC’s official mapping between the Focus 205-805 scale and the old 200-800 scale.
Section-adaptiveThe exam adjusts question difficulty as you progress through a section.
Question Review & EditThe tool to bookmark questions and edit up to 3 answers per section.
AWAAnalytical Writing Assessment - the essay from the old format, removed in the Focus Edition.
Executive AssessmentA separate, shorter GMAC admissions test aimed at Executive MBA candidates.
GREThe Graduate Record Examination (from ETS), the GMAT’s main alternative for MBA applications.
Pearson VUEThe test-centre network that delivers the in-person GMAT.

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